Artikkeli teollisuus
11.10.2024
Soilfood Finnmateria-messuilla Jyväskylässä
Lue lisää
– Liian alhaisen pH:n maasta ei ole edellytyksiä tuottaa hyvää satoa. Peltomaan sopiva pH-taso varmistaa, että lannoitteiden arvokkaat ravinteet ovat mahdollisimman tehokkaasti kasvien saatavilla, tiivistää kysymykseen vastauksen Sampo Järnefelt Soilfoodilta.
Peltomaiden happamuus vaikuttaa ravinteiden liukoisuuteen maassa ja tätä kautta siihen, miten kasvit ottavat maasta ravinteita. Esimerkiksi fosfori sitoutuu happamaan maahan ja on huonosti kasvien saatavilla. pH:n noustessa fosforin liukoisuus lisääntyy tiettyyn rajaan saakka.
– Lannoitteiden hinnat ovat huipussaan, joten on oleellista varmistaa, että ravinteista saadaan kaikki hyöty kasveille tulevina kasvukausina. Maan kasvukuntoon kannattaa nyt panostaa, sillä hyvässä kunnossa oleva peltomaa tuottaa satoa varmemmin myös tilanteessa, jossa lannoitteiden saatavuudessa on haasteita. Se on osa huoltovarmuutta, Järnefelt sanoo.
Eurofinsin tilastojen mukaan suomalaisten peltojen happamuus on keskimäärin noin 6 eli viljavuusluokassa tyydyttävä niin savi- kuin kivennäismailla. Happamuutta lisää mm. maan muokkaus, lannoitus ja ravinteiden huuhtoutuminen. Sadon mukana pellolta poistuu reilusti kalsiumia ja magnesiumia.
– Ravinteita, joita kasvi kasvaakseen tarvitsee, tunnistetaan ainakin 16, jopa 32. Kalkitus vaikuttaa kaikkien ravinteiden saantiin vähän eri tavalla. Suositeltu ja tavoitteellinen pH-taso ei ole kaikkien ravinteiden kanssa optimaalisin. Tärkeää on maksimoida hyödyt ja minimoida haitat, Järnefelt sanoo.
Hän nostaa esimerkiksi mangaanin, joka herkästi nousee esille maan pH:sta puhuttaessa.
– Mangaanimäärään vaikuttaminen maaperän kautta on hankalaa, sillä siihen vaikuttavat mekanismit ovat monimutkaisia. Kasvien kyky hyödyntää maaperän mangaania heikkenee nopeasti pH:n noustessa, varsinkin pH:n ollessa yli 6,5. Mangaani liikkuu maassa huonosti, mutta täydennyslannoitus on helppoa tehdä kasvukaudella lehtilannoitteilla.
Maaperässä kaikki vaikuttaa kaikkeen. Biologiset, kemialliset ja fysikaaliset ilmiöt ovat sidoksissa toisiinsa. Siten kalkitusvalintojen vaikutuksetkin näkyvät pH:n lisäksi niin mururakenteessa kuin pieneliötoiminnassakin. Myös viljeltäviin kasveihin pH:lla on vaikutusta.
Tyypillisesti pelloilla viljeltävät kasvit ovat vilja- ja palkokasveja, jotka menestyvät suhteellisen neutraalissa maaperässä. Poikkeuksiakin löytyy, kuten happamien maiden pensasmustikka.
– Yleisesti erityyppiset mikro-organismit ja pieneliöt viihtyvät erityyppisissä olosuhteissa, mikä pätee myös pH:hon. Kultainen keskitie, ehkä hyvin lievä happamuus, on biologian kannalta hyvä tavoite. Esimerkiksi madot viihtyvät suhteellisen neutraalissa maaperässä. Tällaisessa maassa viihtyvät niin mikrobit kuin sienirihmastotkin, Järnefelt selittää.
Kalkitus on kemiallinen toimenpide, jolla saadaan aikaan kemiallisia ja fysikaalisia reaktioita maaperässä. Kalkituksella vaikutetaan mm. siihen, miten vesi kulkeutuu ja varastoituu maaperään.
– Peruskalkituksessa pitää kiinnittää huomiota Ca-Mg-suhteeseen. Kalsiumin osuus kationinvaihtopinnoista olisi hyvä olla noin 65–80 % ja magnesiumin noin 12–18 %. Maalajien ominaisuudet kuitenkin vaihtelevat tässäkin suhteessa ja tyypillisesti karkeammat maat ovat vähemmän herkkiä Ca-Mg-tasojen suhteen, Sampo Järnefelt Soilfoodilta kertoo.
Tyypillisesti maat, joissa on tarpeettoman paljon magnesiumia, ovat vesitaloudellisesti heikkoja. Magnesiumilla on laaja vesikehä ja siten se kerää ympärilleen paljon vettä tehden maasta vesikylläisen ja vaikeasti muokattavan. Ongelma näkyy erityisesti hiesu- ja savimailla.
Rakennekalkissa lisäksi reaktiivisen kalkin osuus tuotteessa vaikuttaa maan mururakenteeseen. Lue lisää rakennekalkituksesta >
Huomaathan, että suostumuksesi on voimassa kaikilla aliverkkotunnuksillamme. Voit muuttaa suostumustasi tai peruuttaa sen milloin tahansa napsauttamalla "Evästeasetukset"-painiketta näyttösi alaosasta. Kunnioitamme valintojasi ja olemme sitoutuneet tarjoamaan sinulle läpinäkyvän ja turvallisen selauskokemuksen.
Cookie | Kesto | Kuvaus |
---|---|---|
__cf_bm | 1 hour | This cookie, set by Cloudflare, is used to support Cloudflare Bot Management. |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-advertisement | 1 year | Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie is used to record the user consent for the cookies in the "Advertisement" category . |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics | 1 year | Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie is used to record the user consent for the cookies in the "Analytics" category . |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary | 11 months | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-non-necessary | 11 months | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Non Necessary". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-others | 1 year | Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie stores user consent for cookies in the category "Others". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance | 1 year | Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie is used to store the user consent for cookies in the category "Performance". |
CookieLawInfoConsent | 1 year | CookieYes sets this cookie to record the default button state of the corresponding category and the status of CCPA. It works only in coordination with the primary cookie. |
PHPSESSID | session | This cookie is native to PHP applications. The cookie stores and identifies a user's unique session ID to manage user sessions on the website. The cookie is a session cookie and will be deleted when all the browser windows are closed. |
SNID | 1 year 1 month 4 days | This cookie is set by the Google. This cookie is used by the map which helps visitors to identify and reach the facility. |
viewed_cookie_policy | 11 months | The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data. |
wpEmojiSettingsSupports | session | WordPress sets this cookie when a user interacts with emojis on a WordPress site. It helps determine if the user's browser can display emojis properly. |
Cookie | Kesto | Kuvaus |
---|---|---|
_ga | 2 years | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. The cookie is used to calculate visitor, session, camapign data and keep track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookies store information anonymously and assigns a randoly generated number to identify unique visitors. |
_ga_* | 1 year 1 month 4 days | Google Analytics sets this cookie to store and count page views. |
_ga_NQ4R2ZC4KQ | 2 years | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. |
_gat_UA-* | 1 minute | Google Analytics sets this cookie for user behaviour tracking. |
_gcl_au | 3 months | Google Tag Manager sets the cookie to experiment advertisement efficiency of websites using their services. |
_gid | 1 day | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. The cookie is used to store information of how visitors use a website and helps in creating an analytics report of how the wbsite is doing. The data collected including the number visitors, the source where they have come from, and the pages viisted in an anonymous form. |
_hjAbsoluteSessionInProgress | 30 minutes | Hotjar sets this cookie to detect the first pageview session of a user. This is a True/False flag set by the cookie. |
_hjFirstSeen | 30 minutes | Hotjar sets this cookie to identify a new user’s first session. It stores a true/false value, indicating whether it was the first time Hotjar saw this user. |
_hjIncludedInPageviewSample | 2 minutes | Hotjar sets this cookie to know whether a user is included in the data sampling defined by the site's pageview limit. |
_hjIncludedInSessionSample | 2 minutes | Hotjar sets this cookie to know whether a user is included in the data sampling defined by the site's daily session limit. |
_hjRecordingEnabled | never | Hotjar sets this cookie when a Recording starts and is read when the recording module is initialized, to see if the user is already in a recording in a particular session. |
_hjRecordingLastActivity | never | Hotjar sets this cookie when a user recording starts and when data is sent through the WebSocket. |
_hjSession_* | 1 hour | Hotjar sets this cookie to ensure data from subsequent visits to the same site is attributed to the same user ID, which persists in the Hotjar User ID, which is unique to that site. |
_hjSession_2755210 | 30 minutes | A cookie that holds the current session data. This ensues that subsequent requests within the session window will be attributed to the same Hotjar session. |
_hjSessionUser_* | 1 year | Hotjar sets this cookie to ensure data from subsequent visits to the same site is attributed to the same user ID, which persists in the Hotjar User ID, which is unique to that site. |
_hjSessionUser_2755210 | 1 year | Hotjar cookie that is set when a user first lands on a page with the Hotjar script. It is used to persist the Hotjar User ID, unique to that site on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID. |
CONSENT | 2 years | YouTube sets this cookie via embedded youtube-videos and registers anonymous statistical data. |
GPS | 30 minutes | This cookie is set by Youtube and registers a unique ID for tracking users based on their geographical location |
last_pys_landing_page | 7 days | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manages the analytical services. |
last_pysTrafficSource | 7 days | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manage the analytical services. |
ln_or | 1 day | Linkedin sets this cookie to registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the website for internal analytics. |
pys_first_visit | 7 days | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manage the analytical services. |
pys_landing_page | 7 days | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manages the analytical services. |
pys_session_limit | 1 hour | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manage the analytical services. |
pys_start_session | session | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manage the analytical services. |
pysTrafficSource | 7 days | PixelYourSite plugin sets this cookie to manage the analytical services. |
test_cookie | 11 months | This cookie is set by doubleclick.net. The purpose of the cookie is to determine if the users' browser supports cookies. |
Cookie | Kesto | Kuvaus |
---|---|---|
_gat_UA-96092554-1 | 1 minute | This is a pattern type cookie set by Google Analytics, where the pattern element on the name contains the unique identity number of the account or website it relates to. It appears to be a variation of the _gat cookie which is used to limit the amount of data recorded by Google on high traffic volume websites. |
AnalyticsSyncHistory | 1 month | Used to store information about the time a sync with the lms_analytics cookie took place for users in the Designated Countries |
bcookie | 2 years | LinkedIn sets this cookie from LinkedIn share buttons and ad tags to recognize browser ID. |
bscookie | 2 years | LinkedIn sets this cookie to store performed actions on the website. |
lang | session | LinkedIn sets this cookie to remember a user's language setting. |
li_gc | 2 years | Used to store consent of guests regarding the use of cookies for non-essential purposes |
lidc | 1 day | LinkedIn sets the lidc cookie to facilitate data center selection. |
pll_language | 1 year | The pll _language cookie is used by Polylang to remember the language selected by the user when returning to the website, and also to get the language information when not available in another way. |
UserMatchHistory | 1 month | LinkedIn sets this cookie for LinkedIn Ads ID syncing. |
YSC | This cookies is set by Youtube and is used to track the views of embedded videos. |
Cookie | Kesto | Kuvaus |
---|---|---|
_fbp | 2 months | This cookie is set by Facebook to deliver advertisement when they are on Facebook or a digital platform powered by Facebook advertising after visiting this website. |
fr | 2 months | The cookie is set by Facebook to show relevant advertisments to the users and measure and improve the advertisements. The cookie also tracks the behavior of the user across the web on sites that have Facebook pixel or Facebook social plugin. |
IDE | 2 years | Used by Google DoubleClick and stores information about how the user uses the website and any other advertisement before visiting the website. This is used to present users with ads that are relevant to them according to the user profile. |
li_sugr | 3 months | LinkedIn sets this cookie to collect user behaviour data to optimise the website and make advertisements on the website more relevant. |
muc_ads | 1 year 1 month 4 days | Twitter sets this cookie to collect user behaviour and interaction data to optimize the website. |
personalization_id | 2 years | Twitter sets this cookie to integrate and share features for social media and also store information about how the user uses the website, for tracking and targeting. |
VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE | 5 months | This cookie is set by Youtube. Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a website. |
yt-remote-connected-devices | never | YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. |
yt-remote-device-id | never | YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. |
yt.innertube::nextId | never | This cookie, set by YouTube, registers a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen. |
yt.innertube::requests | never | This cookie, set by YouTube, registers a unique ID to store data on what videos from YouTube the user has seen. |
Cookie | Kesto | Kuvaus |
---|---|---|
_hjIncludedInSessionSample_2755210 | 2 minutes | Description is currently not available. |
fontSize | never | No description available. |
VISITOR_PRIVACY_METADATA | 6 months | Description is currently not available. |